Funda ngeBismuth

I-Bismuth yintsimbi esiliva emhlophe ukuya kwipinki enqabileyo kwaye kulula ukuyityumza. Iimpawu zayo zeekhemikhali zizinzile. I-Bismuth ikhona kwindalo ngendlela yentsimbi yasimahla kunye neeminerali.
1. [Indalo]
Ibismuth esulungekileyo yintsimbi ethambileyo, ngelixa ibismuth engacocekanga ibubuvuvu. Izinzile kwiqondo lokushisa. Iintsimbi zayo eziphambili ziyi-bismuthinite (Bi2S5) kunye ne-bismuth ocher (Bi2o5). Ibismuth yolwelo iyakhula xa iqinisiwe.
I-brittle kwaye inombane kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-thermal. I-Bismuth selenide kunye ne-teluride zineempawu ze-semiconductor.
Isinyithi se-Bismuth simhlophe esisiliva (pinki) ukukhanyisa isinyithi esikhanyayo esityheli, i-brittle kwaye kulula ukuyityumza; kwiqondo lokushisa, i-bismuth ayifuni nge-oxygen okanye amanzi kwaye izinzile emoyeni. Unombane ophantsi kunye ne-thermal conductivity; Ibismuth ibikade ithathwa njengeyona nto izinzileyo enobunzima obukhulu beathom, kodwa ngo-2003, kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-bismuth ayinayo i-radioactive kwaye inokubola ibe yi-thallium-205 ngokubola kwe-α. Isiqingatha sobomi bayo malunga ne-1.9X10 ^ iminyaka eyi-19, eyi-1 yebhiliyoni ngamaxesha obomi bendalo yonke.
2. Isicelo
isemiconductor
Izixhobo ze-Semiconductor ezenziwe ngokudibanisa i-bismuth ye-high-purity kunye ne-tellurium, i-selenium, i-antimony, njl. kunye neekristali zokutsala zisetyenziselwa i-thermocouples, i-low-temperature thermoelectric power generation kunye ne-thermorefrigeration. Zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa i-air conditioners kunye neefriji. I-Artificial bismuth sulfide ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-photoresistors kwizixhobo ze-photoelectric ukwandisa uvakalelo kummandla we-spectrum ebonakalayo.
Ishishini leNyukliya
Ibismuth ecoceke ngokuphezulu isetyenziswa njengesithwala ubushushu okanye isisipholisi kwiireactor zenyukliya nanjengesixhobo sokukhusela izixhobo zokuqhekeka kweathom.
IiCeramics zombane
I-bismuth ene-electronic ceramics efana ne-bismuth germanate crystals luhlobo olutsha lweekristale ezikhazimlayo ezisetyenziswa xa kusenziwa izixhobo zokujonga ukukhanya ngemitha yenyukliya, i-X-ray tomography scanners, i-electro-optics, i-piezoelectric lasers kunye nezinye izixhobo; Ibismuth calcium vanadium (irharnate ferrite sisixhobo esibalulekileyo se-microwave gyromagnetic kunye nemagnethi ebambekayo), i-bismuth oxide-doped zinc oxide varistors , umaleko we-bismuth oqulathe umda womda we-high-frequency ceramic capacitors , i-tin-bismuth imagnethi esisigxina, i-bismuth titanate powder, i-bismuth titanate iikristale ze-silicate, i-bismuth-containing glass fusible glass kunye nezinye izinto ezingaphezulu kwe-10 nazo ziqalisile ukusetyenziswa kwishishini.
Unyango lwezonyango
Iikhompawundi zeBismuth zineempembelelo ze-astringency, i-antidiarrhea, kunye nokunyangwa kwe-dyspepsia yesisu. I-Bismuth subcarbonate, i-bismuth subnitrate, kunye ne-potassium bismuth subrubberate zisetyenziselwa ukwenza amayeza esisu. Impembelelo ye-astringent yeziyobisi ze-bismuth zisetyenziselwa utyando ukunyanga ukwenzakala kunye nokuyeka ukopha. Kwi-radiotherapy, i-alloys esekwe kwi-bismuth isetyenziswa endaweni ye-aluminiyam ukwenza iipleyiti zokukhusela izigulana ukuthintela amanye amalungu omzimba ukuba angavezwa kwimitha. Ngokuphuhliswa kwamachiza e-bismuth, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba amanye amachiza e-bismuth aneziphumo zokuchasa umhlaza.
Izongezo zeMetallurgical
Ukongeza amanani omkhondo we-bismuth kwintsimbi kunokuphucula iipropathi zokusetyenzwa kwentsimbi, kwaye ukongeza amanani omkhondo we-bismuth kwintsimbi ekhatywayo ethambileyo ingayenza ibe neepropati ezifanayo nezo zentsimbi engatyiwayo.