Inkqubo yokucoca kunye nokuhlanjululwa kwe-arsenic

Inkqubo yokucocwa nokuhlanjululwa kwe-arsenic yindlela esebenzisa umahluko ekuguquguqukeni kwe-arsenic kunye neekhompawundi zayo ukuze yahlulwe kwaye ihlanjululwe, ngakumbi efanelekileyo ekususeni i-sulfur, i-selenium, i-tellurium kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo kwi-arsenic.Nazi amanyathelo aphambili kunye nezinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele:

1.Unyango lwangaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza

• Imithombo ye-arsenic ekrwada: idla ngokuba yimveliso ephuma ekunyibilikiseni iiminerali ezine-arsenic (umz. i-arsenite, i-realgar) okanye inkunkuma ephinda isetyenziswe ene-arsenic.
• Ukuroa nge-oxidative(ukhetho): Ukuba izinto eziluhlaza ziyi-arsenic sulfide (umz. i-As₂S₃), kufuneka ziqale zirostiwe ukuze ziguqulwe zibe yi-volatile As₂O₃

As2S3+9O2→As2O3+3SO2As2S3+9O2→As2​O3​+3SO2​

2.Iyunithi yokunyibilikisa

• Izixhobo: I-Quartz okanye i-ceramic still (emelana nokugqwala, emelana nobushushu obuphezulu), ixhotyiswe ngetyhubhu ye-condenser kunye nebhotile yokwamkela.
• Ukhuseleko olungasebenziyo: I-nitrogen okanye i-carbon dioxide ifakwa ukuthintela i-arsenic oxidation okanye umngcipheko wokuqhuma (umphunga we-arsenic unokutsha).

3.Inkqubo yokunyibilikisa

• Ulawulo lobushushu:
  • I-Arsenic sublimation: I-As₂O₃ sublimation kwi-500-600 °C (i-sulimation ye-arsenic emsulwa kwi-615 °C).
  • Ukwahlulwa kokungcola: ukungcola okubilayo okufana nesalfure kunye neselenium kukhethwa ukuba kube nzima ukuguquguquka kwaye kunokwahlulwa ngokuxinana okuhlukeneyo.
• Ingqokelela yobushushuUmphunga we-Arsenic ujika ube yi-As₂O₃ ecocekileyo kakhulu okanye i-arsenic ye-elemental kwindawo yokufuma (100-200°C).).

4.Ukucubungula emva

• Ukunciphisa(ukuba i-arsenic ye-elemental iyafuneka): Ukunciphisa i-As₂O₃ nge-carbon okanye i-hydrogen

As2O3+3H2→2As+3H2OAs2O3+3H2→2As+3H2O

• Ukuhluzwa nge-vacuum: ukucocwa ngakumbi kwe-arsenic ye-elemental ukususa ukungcola okushiyekileyo okuguquguqukayo.

5.Ukulumkela

• Ukukhusela ubuthi: Lonke eli phulo livaliwe, lixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokufumanisa ukuvuza kwe-arsenic kunye nonyango olungxamisekileyo.
• Unyango lwegesi yomsilaEmva kokufuma, igesi yomsila kufuneka ifunxwe yisisombululo se-lye (esifana ne-NaOH) okanye i-activated carbon adsorption ukuze kuthintelwe i-As₂O₃ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo.
• Indawo yokugcina isinyithi seArsenic: igcinwe kwindawo engasebenziyo ukuthintela i-oxidation okanye i-deliqueescent.

6. UbunyuluUphuculo

• Ukucoca nge-distillation enezigaba ezininzi: Ukuhlanjululwa okuphindaphindiweyo kunokuphucula ubunyulu bube ngaphezu kwe-99.99%.
• Ukunyibilika kwendawo (ukhetho): Ukucocwa kwendawo ye-arsenic ye-elemental ukuze kuncitshiswe ngakumbi ukungcola kwesinyithi.

Iindawo zokufaka isicelo

I-arsenic ecocekileyo kakhulu isetyenziswa kwizinto ze-semiconductor (umz. iiGaAsiikristale), izongezo ze-alloy, okanye ekwenziweni kweeglasi ezikhethekileyo.Ii-rocesses kufuneka zithobele imithetho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma okuhambelanayo.